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Lions–Lax–Milgram theorem : ウィキペディア英語版
Lions–Lax–Milgram theorem

In mathematics, the Lions–Lax–Milgram theorem (or simply Lions’ theorem) is a result in functional analysis with applications in the study of partial differential equations. It is a generalization of the famous Lax–Milgram theorem, which gives conditions under which a bilinear function can be "inverted" to show the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to a given boundary value problem. The result is named after the mathematicians Jacques-Louis Lions, Peter Lax and Arthur Milgram.
==Statement of the theorem==
Let ''H'' be a Hilbert space and ''V'' a normed space. Let ''B'' : ''H'' × ''V'' → R be a continuous, bilinear function. Then the following are equivalent:
* (coercivity) for some constant ''c'' > 0,
::\inf_ \sup_ | B(h, v) | \geq c;
* (existence of a "weak inverse") for each continuous linear functional ''f'' ∈ ''V'', there is an element ''h'' ∈ ''H'' such that
::B(h, v) = \langle f, v \rangle \mbox v \in V.

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